Material data base
- Results
-
- Jackets
- Bishu
- Imabari
- OTHER
284Hits
-
21K24AW0010
STYLEM TAKISADA-OSAKA CO., LTD.
- Number
- 21K24AW0010
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Linen/Rammie
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 55%
- Linen/Rammie 45%
- Woven textile
- Width 148cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 142g/㎡
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
-
33J
AKAHORI SANGYO CORPORATION
- Number
- 33J
- date
- 2024/04/02
- Material
-
- Regenerated fiber
- Mixture
-
- Other 100%
- Width 117cm
- Length 52m
- Weight 160g/㎡
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Printed fabrics
- Japanese-style clothing (kimono)
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- Bishu
-
JB23213TY
TOYAMA & CO., LTD.
- Number
- JB23213TY
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 146cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 150g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
High twisted fine cotton with a natural finish -
S22S07
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- S22S07
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 79%
- Linen/Rammie 21%
- Woven textile
- Width 151cm
- Length 25m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
A00728
TANABE EMBROIDERY CO., LTD./WATANABE SANGYOU CO., LTD.
- Number
- A00728
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 78%
- Nylon 22%
- Accessories
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Denim
- Lace/Embroidery
- Inner wear/lingerie
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- OTHER
-
S18S04
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- S18S04
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 65%
- Polyester 35%
- Woven textile
- Width 164cm
- Length 25m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
A00729
TANABE EMBROIDERY CO., LTD./WATANABE SANGYOU CO., LTD.
- Number
- A00729
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 90%
- Rayon 10%
- Accessories
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Denim
- Printed fabrics
- Lace/Embroidery
- Sportswear
- Inner wear/lingerie
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
BD6939
COSMO TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- BD6939
- date
- 2024/04/02
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 54%
- Nylon 46%
- Function
-
- Water-repellent
- Woven textile
- Width 136cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 130g/㎡
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
A lightweight typewriter that uses ultra-long cotton for the warp and nylon for the weft.
-
SHELL-PLATING
IRIS CO., LTD.
- Sustainable corporate social responsibility
-
3 Sustainable corporate social responsibility
- Number
- SHELL-PLATING
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Accessories
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- Oota
High-class button with special plating on the shell and laser processing. -
FB3-144
FUJISAKI TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- FB3-144
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 140cm
- Length 50m
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Sportswear
- Area
- OTHER
30’sHunting jacket reproduction Back side brushed -
PolyesterPrint2
MITSUBISHI OJI PAPER SALES CO., LTD.
- Sustainable corporate social responsibility
-
3 Sustainable corporate social responsibility
- Number
- PolyesterPrint2
- date
- 2024/04/02
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 50m
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Printed fabrics
- Sportswear
- Inner wear/lingerie
- Area
- OTHER
We accept polyester prints. We receive the fabric and data for printing.
Small lot production is also available.-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 09064867077
-
V02487
NAKATAKA KEORI CO., LTD.
- Number
- V02487
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Regenerated fiber
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 57%
- Viscose 30%
- Rayon 13%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Woven textile
- Width 120cm
- Length 50m
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
-
2582
FINE TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- 2582
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 51%
- COTTON 49%
- Woven textile
- Width 135cm
- Length 48m
- Weight 200g/㎡
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- Bishu
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 058-398-6211
-
ODA25315
OHARAYASENI CO., LTD.
- Number
- ODA25315
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 65%
- Linen/Rammie 35%
- Woven textile
- Width 140cm
- Length 12m
- Weight 680g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 06-6263-8668
-
KSB-RC-STN
HOKKOH CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-c Bio-based chemical fibers/other low impact processes and techniques
- Number
- KSB-RC-STN
- date
- 2024/06/06
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Regenerated fiber
- Mixture
-
- Rayon 42%
- COTTON 58%
- Width 108cm
- Length 23m
- Weight 230g/㎡
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
Persimmon dye on Rayon Cotton sateen and washer finish make s it vintage look -
LNZT072
TOYOSHIMA & CO., LTD.
- Number
- LNZT072
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- Nylon 91%
- Polyurethane 9%
- Woven textile
- Width 132cm
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
JCM120
NISHIKAWAKEORI CO., LTD. / ICHITEKI CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-a Organic materials, biodegradable natural fibers
- Sustainable production process
-
2-a Optimized dyeing and finishing
- Number
- JCM120
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Woolen
- Mixture
-
- Other 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 230g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Area
- Bishu
-
EP2B390
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- EP2B390
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Woolen
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Wool 72%
- Polyester 28%
- Woven textile
- Width 143cm
- Length 50m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Area
- Bishu
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
220750103
SHIMOJO CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-b Recycled materials/upcycling materials
- Number
- 220750103
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Regenerated fiber
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 68%
- Other 32%
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 260g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- OTHER
-
2624
SOJITZ FASHION CO., LTD.
- Number
- 2624
- date
- 2024/02/07
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 65%
- Polyester 35%
- Function
-
- Easy care
- Woven textile
- Width 146cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 186g/㎡
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
JB23219TY
TOYAMA & CO., LTD.
- Number
- JB23219TY
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 55%
- COTTON 45%
- Woven textile
- Width 145cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 240g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Area
- Bishu
Wool on the front for a slightly casual look
Double-layered cotton backing -
JB23209TY
TOYAMA & CO., LTD.
- Number
- JB23209TY
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 90%
- Nylon 10%
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 40m
- Weight 320g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Area
- Bishu
Hard finished cotton boucle
-
7309
SOJITZ FASHION CO., LTD.
- Sustainable corporate social responsibility
-
3 Sustainable corporate social responsibility
- Number
- 7309
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 60%
- Nylon 40%
- Function
-
- Water-repellent
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 162g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
Water repellent cotton and nylon grosgrain with tough quality. Suitable for outerwear. -
24107KS
KUNISHIMA CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-d Cruelty-free materials
- Number
- 24107KS
- date
- 2024/06/06
- Material
-
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 149cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 279g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Area
- Bishu
Very classic gun club check has been treated with resin to create a classic and modern feature. -
BD5748
COSMO TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- BD5748
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 148cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 285g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
89605
OCHIAI LACE CO., LTD.
- Number
- 89605
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Accessories
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Lace/Embroidery
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
A00728INDEX
TANABE EMBROIDERY CO., LTD./WATANABE SANGYOU CO., LTD.
- Number
- A00728INDEX
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 78%
- Nylon 22%
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Denim
- Lace/Embroidery
- Inner wear/lingerie
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
S24S03
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- S24S03
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 161cm
- Length 25m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
BL55000
FUJISAKI TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- BL55000
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 74%
- Polyester 26%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Easy care
- Knitted textile
- Width 140cm
- Length 30m
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Lace/Embroidery
- Area
- OTHER
-
JB23330MZ
MIZUHO KOGYO CO., LTD.
- Number
- JB23330MZ
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Worsted wool
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 62%
- Wool 38%
- Woven textile
- Width 115cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 210g/㎡
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
-
26K-25SS0125
STYLEM TAKISADA-OSAKA CO., LTD.
- Number
- 26K-25SS0125
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 138cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 356g/㎡
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
Technology linen that makes full use of Japan's unique spinning technology -
EY01673
KUNISHIMA CO., LTD.
- Number
- EY01673
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Worsted wool
- Woolen
- Mixture
-
- Wool 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 135cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 156g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
-
2009501A01
SHIMOJO CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-b Recycled materials/upcycling materials
- Number
- 2009501A01
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Regenerated fiber
- Mixture
-
- Other 57%
- Polyester 43%
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 320g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- OTHER
-
32-30628
TAKISADA-NAGOYA CO., LTD.
- Number
- 32-30628
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 65%
- Polyester 35%
- Woven textile
- Width 151cm
- Length 47m
- Weight 310g/㎡
- Stock service available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
-
OCA3984
OHARAYASENI CO., LTD.
- Number
- OCA3984
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- Linen/Rammie 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 140cm
- Length 60m
- Weight 186g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- color/design variation available
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Denim
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 06-6263-8668
-
21K-24AW0026
STYLEM TAKISADA-OSAKA CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-a Organic materials, biodegradable natural fibers
- Number
- 21K-24AW0026
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 142cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 242g/㎡
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Sportswear
- Area
- Bishu
-
2904
SOJITZ FASHION CO., LTD.
- Sustainable corporate social responsibility
-
3 Sustainable corporate social responsibility
- Number
- 2904
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Function
-
- Easy care
- Woven textile
- Width 146cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 260g/㎡
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
High density twill using Compact yarn which is less fluff. It's added silicone impregnation and liquid ammonia finishing. It has firm elasticity as well as soft touch like synthetic fabrics. -
73704
SUNWELL CO., LTD.
- Number
- 73704
- date
- 2024/06/06
- Material
-
- Woolen
- Mixture
-
- Acrylic 90%
- Wool 10%
- Knitted textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 40m
- Weight 280g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Area
- Bishu
Beautiful Hand feel
Blushed -
S23S01
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- S23S01
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 92%
- Linen/Rammie 8%
- Woven textile
- Width 163cm
- Length 25m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
BD4193
COSMO TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- BD4193
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 57%
- Nylon 43%
- Function
-
- Water-repellent
- Woven textile
- Width 147cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 115g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
The warp yarn is polyester wooly and the weft yarn is nylon driven, and the difference in shrinkage between different fibers makes it a material with a characteristic natural texture and wrinkle feeli -
2-240700
TAKISADA-NAGOYA CO., LTD.
- Number
- 2-240700
- date
- 2024/02/07
- Material
-
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 146cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 164g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
Tropical wool with a paper-like feel to the touch. -
JB23221TY
TOYAMA & CO., LTD.
- Number
- JB23221TY
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 40m
- Weight 330g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Area
- Bishu
High quality wool of herringbone.
Unique hand feel of special processing.
-
JB23340MZ
MIZUHO KOGYO CO., LTD.
- Number
- JB23340MZ
- date
- 2023/06/16
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 120cm
- Length 250m
- Weight 260g/㎡
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
-
SFT-FKS-0370
SFT Inc. (Samsung Fashion & Textiles) /Korea
- Number
- SFT-FKS-0370
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 100%
- Function
-
- Easy care
- UV protection
- Knitted textile
- Width 145cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 205g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
SP182F
NISHIKAWAKEORI CO., LTD. / ICHITEKI CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-a Organic materials, biodegradable natural fibers
- Number
- SP182F
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Woolen
- Mixture
-
- Wool 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 235g/㎡
- Price
- Between 2,001 yen and 3,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
-
P59050
NAKADEN KEORI CO., LTD.
- Number
- P59050
- date
- 2024/06/06
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Worsted wool
- Other
- Mixture
-
- Wool 58%
- Mohair 21%
- COTTON 17%
- Nylon 4%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Woven textile
- Width 152cm
- Length 20m
- Weight 484g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- Bishu
Fancy tweed made with extremely thick loop yarn, which is difficult to use on a rapier loom. With our loom, you can weave without any problems. -
24108KS
KUNISHIMA CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-d Cruelty-free materials
- Number
- 24108KS
- date
- 2024/06/06
- Material
-
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 153cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 267g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
It features a heathered colored pattern effect made by twisting white and blue threads. Furthermore the resin is permeated to add tension to the classic houndstooth pattern, giving it modern finish -
RN9005
KOYAMA CO., LTD.
- Number
- RN9005
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Woolen
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 90%
- Wool 10%
- Woven textile
- Width 110cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 220g/㎡
- Stock service available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Bishu
This soft twill fabric is made of cotton and wool.
It is processed in small quantities at a dyeing factory in Hamamatsu.
It is characterized by its moderate thickness.