Material data base
- Results
-
- Koto
- Fujiyoshida
- Hokuriku(Toyama)
- OTHER
279Hits
-
352514
OCHIAI LACE CO., LTD.
- Number
- 352514
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 51%
- Nylon 49%
- Accessories
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Lace/Embroidery
- Japanese-style clothing (kimono)
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- Hokuriku(Toyama)
-
V8200-L60
MASHI SHOKAI CO., LTD.
- Number
- V8200-L60
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 53%
- Linen/Rammie 47%
- Function
-
- Absorbent/quick-drying
- Cool/moisture transmission
- Woven textile
- Width 114cm
- Length 25m
- Price
- Between 2,001 yen and 3,000 yen
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Koto
Cotton linen cross weave satin type. Newly developed processing is applied. Please check the feel of the finished texture.-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0748-42-2112
-
A00729
TANABE EMBROIDERY CO., LTD./WATANABE SANGYOU CO., LTD.
- Number
- A00729
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 90%
- Rayon 10%
- Accessories
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Denim
- Printed fabrics
- Lace/Embroidery
- Sportswear
- Inner wear/lingerie
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
OCA3984
OHARAYASENI CO., LTD.
- Number
- OCA3984
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- Linen/Rammie 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 140cm
- Length 60m
- Weight 186g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Denim
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 06-6263-8668
-
P25SS-202
NIHON SANMO DYEING CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-a Organic materials, biodegradable natural fibers
- Number
- P25SS-202
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Linen/Rammie
- Silk
- Mixture
-
- Silk 53%
- Linen/Rammie 47%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Woven textile
- Width 118cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 108g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Area
- Koto
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 075-601-8281
-
KT-16966SCN
ITONONE
- Number
- KT-16966SCN
- date
- 2024/03/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Silk
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 34%
- Silk 33%
- Nylon 33%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Woven textile
- Width 140cm
- Length 10m
- Weight 67g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Area
- Fujiyoshida
SilkxCottonxNylon Seersucker-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0555-25-2406
-
AF324
STYLETEX CO., LTD.
- Number
- AF324
- date
- 2024/04/02
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Function
-
- Water-repellent
- Woven textile
- Width 112cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 195g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Sportswear
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- OTHER
This is the highest density [Master Shield] made of 100/2x80/2 extra long staple cotton to the limit.
While it is 100% cotton and yarn-dyed, it boasts a water pressure resistance of 900mm.
-
BL58000
FUJISAKI TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- BL58000
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Regenerated fiber
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 63%
- Rayon 37%
- Knitted textile
- Width 160cm
- Length 27m
- color/design variation available
- Small batch orders available
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Japanese-style clothing (kimono)
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
COR100
NITTO BUTTON CO., LTD.
- Number
- COR100
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Function
-
- Antibacterial
- Accessories
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
EJ1H450
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- EJ1H450
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Polyester
- Regenerated fiber
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 64%
- Polyester 9%
- Cupro 27%
- Woven textile
- Width 116cm
- Length 25m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
COR B01
NITTO BUTTON CO., LTD.
- Number
- COR B01
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Function
-
- Antibacterial
- Accessories
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
ST1340-C
MOELAN STUDIO CO., LTD.
- Sustainable production process
-
2-a Optimized dyeing and finishing
- Number
- ST1340-C
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 110cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 147g/㎡
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- color/design variation available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Printed fabrics
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- Koto
Printed on popular sheeting fabrics using a sustainable manufacturing process (GOTS certified) that reduces the use of dyes and water. -
GCOR-011
NITTO BUTTON CO., LTD.
- Number
- GCOR-011
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Function
-
- Antibacterial
- Accessories
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
453_20MD0034
KIYOHARA & CO., LTD.
- Number
- 453_20MD0034
- date
- 2024/06/06
- Material
-
- Other
- Mixture
-
- Other 100%
- Accessories
- color/design variation available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
・Original & unique design bar
・Use with ring to buckle -
LNZT072
TOYOSHIMA & CO., LTD.
- Number
- LNZT072
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- Nylon 91%
- Polyurethane 9%
- Woven textile
- Width 132cm
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
636002
DAIMATSU CO., LTD.
- Number
- 636002
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Silk
- Mixture
-
- Silk 20%
- COTTON 80%
- Woven textile
- Width 108cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 78g/㎡
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Fujiyoshida
Silk organdy plaid pattern. The pattern is made of firm silk thread and three types of cotton thread. Characterized by moderate firmness and uneven structure.
-
8300-455reflect
Mipox Corporation
- Number
- 8300-455reflect
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Polyester
- Other
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 65%
- Polyester 35%
- Function
-
- Water-repellent
- OTHER
- Accessories
- Width 110cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 430g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Sportswear
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
This is a recursive reflective fabric of the open-lens type that uses glass beads on the surface. The backing material is of the broad fabric type. -
SHELL-PLATING
IRIS CO., LTD.
- Sustainable corporate social responsibility
-
3 Sustainable corporate social responsibility
- Number
- SHELL-PLATING
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Accessories
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
High-class button with special plating on the shell and laser processing. -
MKT-24490
ITONONE
- Number
- MKT-24490
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Silk
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Silk 54%
- Polyester 46%
- Woven textile
- Width 120cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 96g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Area
- Fujiyoshida
yarn dyed checked-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0555-25-2406
-
TX1105HB-D
MOELAN STUDIO CO., LTD.
- Sustainable production process
-
2-a Optimized dyeing and finishing
- Number
- TX1105HB-D
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 118cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 110g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Printed fabrics
- Area
- Koto
This fabric has an elegant and luxurious feel unique to twill weave, and is a popular material that is wrinkle-resistant, flexible, and durable.
-
2904
SOJITZ FASHION CO., LTD.
- Sustainable corporate social responsibility
-
3 Sustainable corporate social responsibility
- Number
- 2904
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Function
-
- Easy care
- Woven textile
- Width 146cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 260g/㎡
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
High density twill using Compact yarn which is less fluff. It's added silicone impregnation and liquid ammonia finishing. It has firm elasticity as well as soft touch like synthetic fabrics. -
EK1H410
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- EK1H410
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 161cm
- Length 25m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
Y364SCN
ITONONE
- Number
- Y364SCN
- date
- 2024/03/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Silk
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- Silk 30%
- COTTON 44%
- Nylon 26%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Woven textile
- Width 140cm
- Length 1m
- Weight 74g/㎡
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Shirtings
- Area
- Fujiyoshida
Seersucker by Silk & Cotton & Nylon-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0555-25-2406
-
11323
OCHIAI LACE CO., LTD.
- Number
- 11323
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Accessories
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Lace/Embroidery
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
5024-395-1
HOKKOH CO., LTD.
- Number
- 5024-395-1
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 110cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 210g/㎡
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Other
- Area
- OTHER
Jacquard with Chambray look / Washer finish -
P25SS-201
NIHON SANMO DYEING CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-a Organic materials, biodegradable natural fibers
- Number
- P25SS-201
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Linen/Rammie
- Silk
- Mixture
-
- Silk 65%
- Linen/Rammie 35%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Woven textile
- Width 114cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 165.3g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Area
- Koto
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 075-601-8281
-
BD1978
COSMO TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- BD1978
- date
- 2024/04/02
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 124cm
- Length 22m
- Weight 124g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- Stock service available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Koto
-
OCA32202
OHARAYASENI CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-b Recycled materials/upcycling materials
- Number
- OCA32202
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 130cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 300g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Sundry items
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 06-6263-8668
-
MIKI-745
NITTO BUTTON CO., LTD.
- Number
- MIKI-745
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Function
-
- Antibacterial
- Accessories
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
MSN60390
MASHI SHOKAI CO., LTD.
- Number
- MSN60390
- date
- 2023/12/11
- Material
-
- Linen/Rammie
- Mixture
-
- Linen/Rammie 100%
- Function
-
- Absorbent/quick-drying
- Cool/moisture transmission
- Woven textile
- Width 120cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 408g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Koto
Linen 60/3 twisted 3/1 twill type. Tumbler finish gives the fabric a soft and bulky feel.-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0748-42-2112
-
RT-SCP5
NITTO BUTTON CO., LTD.
- Number
- RT-SCP5
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Function
-
- Antibacterial
- Accessories
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
COR-88
NITTO BUTTON CO., LTD.
- Number
- COR-88
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Function
-
- Antibacterial
- Accessories
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
S23A07
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- S23A07
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Woolen
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 60%
- Wool 40%
- Woven textile
- Width 163cm
- Length 25m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
RN9005
KOYAMA CO., LTD.
- Number
- RN9005
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Woolen
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 90%
- Wool 10%
- Woven textile
- Width 110cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 220g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
This soft twill fabric is made of cotton and wool.
It is processed in small quantities at a dyeing factory in Hamamatsu.
It is characterized by its moderate thickness. -
1253
SOJITZ FASHION CO., LTD.
- Number
- 1253
- date
- 2024/02/07
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Function
-
- OTHER
- Woven textile
- Width 145cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 136g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Area
- OTHER
-
8105-reflective
Mipox Corporation
- Number
- 8105-reflective
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Other
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 100%
- Function
-
- Water-repellent
- OTHER
- Accessories
- Width 110cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 370g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- color/design variation available
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Pants/Skirts
- Sportswear
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
This is a recursive reflective fabric of the open-lens type that uses glass beads on the surface. The backing material is of the taffeta type in an orange color. -
RW25SS02-GR
RAINBOWWORLD CO., LTD.
- Number
- RW25SS02-GR
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Silk
- Mixture
-
- Silk 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 50cm
- Item
-
- Printed fabrics
- Sundry items
- Area
- OTHER
-
MKT-25018
ITONONE
- Number
- MKT-25018
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Nyron
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 82%
- Nylon 18%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Woven textile
- Width 150cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 194g/㎡
- color/design variation available
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- Fujiyoshida
Uneven effect, stretch jacquard-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0555-25-2406
-
EK2S087
CLOTH JAPAN
- Number
- EK2S087
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 151cm
- Length 50m
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 03-5414-2237
-
A00735
TANABE EMBROIDERY CO., LTD./WATANABE SANGYOU CO., LTD.
- Number
- A00735
- date
- 2024/04/01
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 45%
- Cupro 50%
- Nylon 5%
- Accessories
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Denim
- Lace/Embroidery
- Inner wear/lingerie
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
-
TX1096V-B
MOELAN STUDIO CO., LTD.
- Sustainable production process
-
2-a Optimized dyeing and finishing
- Number
- TX1096V-B
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 112cm
- Length 25m
- Weight 60g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,501 yen and 2,000 yen
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Pants/Skirts
- Printed fabrics
- Area
- Koto
This 100% cotton viyella is soft and warm to the touch.Printed using a sustainable manufacturing process (GOTS certified) that reduces the use of dyes and water.
-
Y10230
FUJISAKI TEXTILE CO., LTD.
- Number
- Y10230
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 51%
- COTTON 49%
- Function
-
- Stretch
- Knitted textile
- Width 110cm
- Length 40m
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Jackets
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Interior
- Sundry items
- Area
- OTHER
-
KT-15563SW
ITONONE
- Number
- KT-15563SW
- date
- 2023/10/12
- Material
-
- Silk
- Worsted wool
- Mixture
-
- Wool 71%
- Silk 29%
- Woven textile
- Width 145cm
- Length 10m
- Weight 156g/㎡
- Price
- 3,000 yen or more
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Area
- OTHER
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0555-25-2406
-
DNS371-1
DAICHO CO., LTD.
- Number
- DNS371-1
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 123cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 92g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Area
- Koto
C 100% high twist
Ohnmizarashi finish-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0748-48-2574
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DNS371-2
DAICHO CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
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1-a Organic materials, biodegradable natural fibers
- Number
- DNS371-2
- date
- 2024/01/12
- Material
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- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 138cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 72g/㎡
- Price
- Between 1,001 yen and 1,500 yen
- Small batch orders available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Area
- Koto
Cotton 100% high twist fabric
cold mercerize finish
-
- Enquiry by e-mail
-
- TEL
- 0748-48-2574
-
FR1315PZ-A
MOELAN STUDIO CO., LTD.
- Sustainable production process
-
2-a Optimized dyeing and finishing
- Number
- FR1315PZ-A
- date
- 2024/04/02
- Material
-
- Polyester
- Mixture
-
- Polyester 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 148cm
- Length 50m
- Price
- Between 2,001 yen and 3,000 yen
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Dresses
- Shirtings
- Printed fabrics
- Interior
- Area
- Koto
Made of a thin fabric with a transparent feel, it is highly breathable, cool and smooth to the touch. -
ZPOP-2
NITTO BUTTON CO., LTD.
- Number
- ZPOP-2
- date
- 2023/08/04
- Material
-
- Other
- Function
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- Antibacterial
- Accessories
- Stock service available
- Item
-
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
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2668
SOJITZ FASHION CO., LTD.
- Sustainable raw materials
-
1-c Bio-based chemical fibers/other low impact processes and techniques
- Sustainable corporate social responsibility
-
3 Sustainable corporate social responsibility
- Number
- 2668
- date
- 2024/06/06
- Material
-
- Cotton
- Mixture
-
- COTTON 100%
- Woven textile
- Width 145cm
- Length 50m
- Weight 194g/㎡
- Price
- Within 1,000 yen
- Stock service available
- Small batch orders available
- color/design variation available
- Item
-
- Suits
- Jackets
- Coats
- Pants/Skirts
- Sundry items
- Accessories
- Area
- OTHER
High density weather cloth woven by 30s compact yarn, which is given special hand-feeling due to brushing and liquid ammonia treatment.